12th physics notes of electric field, intensity of electric field, electric lines of force
Electric Fields: An electric field is a region of space where an electric charge experiences a force. Electric fields are created by charges, and their strength depends on the magnitude and distribution of the charges. Electric fields are represented by vectors, with the direction of the vector indicating the direction of the force that a positive charge would experience if placed in the field.
Intensity of Electric Fields:
The intensity of an electric field at a point in space is defined as the force per unit charge that a small test charge would experience if placed at that point.
Mathematically, the intensity of an electric field is given by
E = F/Q,
where E is the intensity, F is the force, and Q is the test charge.
The unit of intensity is newtons per coulomb (N/C).
Electric Field Lines:
Electric field lines are used to represent the direction and strength of electric fields in space.
The direction of an electric field line is the direction that a positive test charge would move if placed at that point.
The density of the lines represents the strength of the field, with more lines indicating a stronger field.
Electric field lines never cross, as that would imply a single point in space with two different directions for the electric field.
